Elaine has deployed computers to users in her organization that load their resources from a central server environment rather than from their own hard drives. What is this model called?

The systems that Elaine has deployed are thin clients, computers that do not run their applications and storage from their local drives and instead rely on a remote server. Cloud and virtualization implementations of this providing virtual desktops are called VDI, or Virtual Desktop Infrastructure, but do not necessarily require a thin client, since they can work on a fully capable computer (or thick client). Client-as-a-server is a made-up term.