Madison's web application requires users to input numbers in specific fields and applies rigorous exception handling. Moreover, it sets minimum and maximum limits for the inputs permitted and employs predetermined arrays of acceptable values for inputs such as dates or months. What is the term used to describe the actions carried out by Madison's application?

The application incorporates input validation methods to ensure that any unexpected or malicious input does not disrupt the application's functionality. Input validation involves removing control characters, verifying data, and other processes to sanitize input before it is used by the application or stored for future use. While input validation can assist in preventing buffer overflows, other techniques for buffer overflow prevention are not mentioned here. String injection is a type of attack that input validation can help prevent, and schema validation is used to verify that requests conform to a specific schema, but both of these are more specific types of input validation compared to the wide range of input validation techniques mentioned in the passage.