This methodology:
- Use an iterative-based Agile approach.
- Be a single-team framework that is primarily used to manage product development.
At the end of each iteration, a meeting among team members is held to review what has gone well and propose ideas for improvement.
What methodology is being described, and what technique is being questioned?

The methodology that is being described is Scrum, and the technique that is being referred to is the sprint retrospective.
Scrum is a lightweight, iterative, and incremental agile software development framework. Scrum teams work in short sprints, typically two weeks long, to deliver working software increments. At the end of each sprint, the team holds a sprint retrospective to review what went well and what could be improved in the next sprint.
The sprint retrospective is a meeting held at the end of each sprint to review the team's performance and identify areas for improvement. The retrospective is typically led by the Scrum Master and attended by all members of the Scrum team.
The sprint retrospective is an important part of the Scrum process because it allows the team to learn from their mistakes and improve their performance over time. The retrospective should be a positive and constructive meeting where the team feels comfortable sharing their feedback.