In which of these situations is a nurse in violation of HIPAA guidelines?

HIPAA stands for the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act. It specifies that nurses (along with other healthcare professionals) must maintain and take steps to maintain a patient’s private and confidential personal and medical information. Information may be shared with those involved in direct patient care (even if not assigned to the patient), payment for care or the patient’s management. Patients may also give direct and implied consent of authorized persons (family, friends, etc.) with whom this information can be shared. Other patients or the general public should never be allowed access to a patient’s private, sensitive information.